Unearthing the Legacy: Exploring the Contributions of Garrett Morgan in Black History

When we think of the brilliance of Black inventors, a few names may come to mind, but far too many innovators are left out of the spotlight. One such figure is Garrett Morgan, whose inventions not only saved countless lives but also paved the way for modern technological advancements.

Garrett Augustus Morgan was born in 1877 in Claysville, Kentucky, to formerly enslaved parents. With little formal education, he left home as a teenager to seek opportunities in Ohio. His curiosity and mechanical aptitude led him to work in various factories, where he began to analyze and improve machinery.

Morgan’s resourcefulness and drive eventually made him a prolific inventor. Over his lifetime, he secured several patents that addressed everyday challenges and improved public safety.

One of Morgan’s most notable contributions was the creation of the three-position traffic signal in 1923. At the time, streets were chaotic with vehicles, pedestrians, and horse-drawn carriages all vying for space. His traffic signal, which included a "caution" phase (now the yellow light), helped reduce accidents and improve traffic flow. This design became the blueprint for the modern traffic light system we use today.

Morgan also invented a safety hood, a precursor to the gas mask, that protected wearers from smoke and harmful gases. This device gained national attention in 1916 when Morgan used it to rescue workers trapped in a tunnel under Lake Erie. Despite his heroism, many refused to acknowledge his invention because of his race, often crediting others for his ingenuity.

Garrett Morgan's gas mask, a symbol of innovation in public safety

Garrett Morgan’s story is one of resilience in the face of systemic racism. Despite being denied opportunities and recognition, he continued to innovate and advocate for the betterment of society. In addition to his inventions, Morgan was a successful businessman and community leader, founding a Black newspaper, The Cleveland Call, and supporting local organizations that uplifted African Americans.

Morgan’s life and work are reminders of the invaluable contributions Black individuals have made to science, technology, and society as a whole. His inventions, particularly the traffic signal and safety hood, remain integral to our daily lives, saving lives and making the world safer and more efficient.

As we honor Garrett Morgan this Black History Month, let us reflect on the barriers he overcame and the legacy he left behind. His determination to solve problems, improve safety, and serve his community is a shining example of how one person’s ingenuity can impact the world.

May his story inspire future generations to innovate, persevere, and continue to change the world for the better.